|
(6分)等比数列$\{a_{n}\}$的公比$q\ne 1$,$a_{1} > 0$,$2a_{3}=a_{1}+a_{2}$,记数列$\{a_{n}\}$的前$n$项和为$S_{n}$,则( ) A.$q=-\dfrac{1}{2}$ B.$S_{n} > \dfrac{2}{3}{a}_{1}$ C.$2S_{n+2}=S_{n+1}+S_{n}$ D.$\sum\limits_{k=1}^{n}{S}_{k} > \dfrac{2n}{3}a_{1}$ 〖答案〗$ACD$ 〖分析〗利用条件求出公比,再结合选项分析得出结论. 〖解答〗解:由题意,$2{a}_{1}{q}^{2}={a}_{1}q+a_{1}$, 因为$a_{1} > 0$,所以$2q^{2}=q+1$, 因为$q\ne 1$,所以$q=-\dfrac{1}{2}$,$A$正确; $S_{2}=a_{2}+a_{1}=\dfrac{1}{2}a_{1} < \dfrac{2{a}_{1}}{3}$,$B$错误; 因为$q=-\dfrac{1}{2}$,所以$2S_{n+2}=2S_{n+1}+2a_{n+2}=2S_{n+1}-a_{n+1}$, 因为$S_{n+1}+S_{n}=2S_{n+1}-a_{n+1}$,所以$2S_{n+2}=S_{n+1}+S_{n}$,$C$正确; $\sum\limits_{k=1}^{n}{S}_{k}=\dfrac{2}{3}{a}_{1}[n-(-\dfrac{1}{2})-(-\dfrac{1}{2})^{2}-\ldots -(-\dfrac{1}{2})^{n}]=\dfrac{2n{a}_{1}}{3}-\dfrac{2{a}_{1}}{3}\cdot \dfrac{(-\dfrac{1}{2})[1-(-\dfrac{1}{2})^{n}]}{1+\dfrac{1}{2}}$, $n\rightarrow +\infty$时,$\dfrac{2{a}_{1}}{3}\cdot \dfrac{(-\dfrac{1}{2})[1-(-\dfrac{1}{2})^{n}]}{1+\dfrac{1}{2}}\rightarrow \dfrac{2{a}_{1}}{3}\cdot \dfrac{(-\dfrac{1}{2})}{1+\dfrac{1}{2}}=-\dfrac{2{a}_{1}}{9}$, 所以$\sum\limits_{k=1}^{n}{S}_{k} > \dfrac{2n{a}_{1}}{3}$,$D$正确. 故选:$ACD$. 〖点评〗本题考查等比数列的通项公式及求和公式,考查计算能力,属于中档题.
|