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across<-->against
after
after 在…之后（时间），在…后面
- 注意after和in的使用：从某时说到多少时间以后，不用after，而用in。如果指“某个时刻，日期或事件以后”，用after。
He will/would arrive in four weeks.
He will(或would)arrive after four o'clock /5 July/the ceremony.
- 表达“某事件的若干时间以后”时，应是“若干时间after事件”，而不是“after若干时间of事件”。可说two hours after his arrival，不可说after two hours of his arrival。在“two hours after his arrival”前加不同的介词，有不同的意思:“two hours after his arrival”单用时指“他到达两小时以后”。若前面加the，如the two hours after his arrival指“他到达以后的两小时”，加for指“在他到达以后的两小时全段时间里”，加in 跟没有in意思相同，加within指“在他到达以后的两小时中的某时刻”；
- 指“若干时间after日期或月份”时，常把当天的日期或当月除外。如five days after 3 July，指从7月4日算起的5天以后，也就是7月9日。但有例外，five days after I July可能指7月8日，months after July可能指11月，注意避免这种结构产生误解；
- 指“从过去的某时或某事说到现在”时，不用after，用since，所以可说Since his graduation he has been abroad.（since不可改成after）一定要改的话，可表示为After his graduation he went abroad. 这里的after是介词，用作连接词时用法一样。
He went abroad after he graduated.
不可说 He has been abroad after he graduated.
- half after four，five minutes after eight等是美国英语，相当于英国英语half past four，five minutes past eight等，英国方言中也有half after four等表达方式；
- after引导的状语从句，用现在时态，不用将来时态。
I shall start after he comes.
- after常指时间先后的次序，而behind常指位置，如August comes after July，用after,，而A garden lies behind the house，用behind。不过有时after和behind可以通用。
Please shut the door after/behind you.
He came in after/behind her.
across<-->against
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